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Serpent Mound
The Great Serpent Mound is a -long,〔Glotzhober and Lepper, ''Serpent Mound: Ohio's Enigmatic Effigy Mound'', Ohio Historical Society, Columbus, Ohio, 1994, p. 3〕 three-foot-high prehistoric effigy mound on a plateau of the Serpent Mound crater along Ohio Brush Creek in Adams County, Ohio. Maintained within a park by the Ohio Historical Society, it has been designated a National Historic Landmark by the United States Department of Interior. The Serpent Mound of Ohio was first reported from surveys by Ephraim Squire and Edwin Davis in their historic volume ''Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley'', published in 1848 by the newly founded Smithsonian Museum.
Researchers have attributed construction of the mound to three different prehistoric indigenous cultures. Although it was once thought to be Adena in origin, now based on the use of more advanced technology, including carbon dating and evidence from 1996 studies, many scholars now believe that members of the Fort Ancient culture built it about 1070 CE (plus or minus 70 years). There are still anomalies to be studied.〔(Jessica E. Saraceni, "Redating Serpent Mound" ), ''Archaeology'', 49(6), Nov/Dec 1996, accessed 8 Dec 2008〕 Serpent Mound is the largest serpent effigy in the world.〔("Serpent Mound", MNSU (dead link) )〕
==Description==
Including all three parts, the Serpent Mound extends about , and varies in height from less than a foot to more than three feet (30–100 cm). Conforming to the curve of the land on which it rests, with its head approaching a cliff above a stream, the serpent winds back and forth for more than eight hundred feet and seven coils, and ends in a triple-coiled tail. The serpent head has an open mouth extending around the east end of a -long hollow oval feature that may represent the snake eating an egg,〔Landis, Don. "Monuments,Mounds,Pyramids..." The Genius of Ancient Man: Evolution's Nightmare. Green Forest, AR: Master, 2012. 67. Print.〕 though some scholars posit that the oval feature symbolizes the sun, the body of a frog, or merely the remnant of a platform. The effigy's extreme western feature is a triangular mound approximately at its base and long axis. There are serpent effigies in Scotland and Ontario that are very similar.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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